Results for 'Michael G. Simental'

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  1.  22
    The Gospel According to Ayn Rand.Michael G. Simental - 2013 - Journal of Ayn Rand Studies 13 (2):96-106.
    Ayn Rand's dystopian work, Anthem, has primarily been read as a critical response to the communist collectivism of the Russia of her youth. However, a close consideration of the religious allusions in the text reveals that Rand was responding to religious collectivism as much as to the communist variety. In fact, Rand's personal writings reveal that Anthem's apotheosis of man is a response to religion's denial of self, which Rand viewed as the offense of a collectivist society. In Anthem, Rand (...)
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  2. Quitting certainties: a Bayesian framework modeling degrees of belief.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2013 - Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    Michael G. Titelbaum presents a new Bayesian framework for modeling rational degrees of belief—the first of its kind to represent rational requirements on agents who undergo certainty loss.
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  3. Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 1: Introducing Credences.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2022 - Oxford University Press.
    'Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology' provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism. This volume introduces degrees of belief as a concept in epistemology and the rules for updating degrees of belief derived from Bayesian principles.--.
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  4.  54
    Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 2: Arguments, Challenges, Alternatives.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2022 - Oxford University Press.
    'Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology' provides an accessible introduction to the key concepts and principles of the Bayesian formalism. Volume 2 introduces applications of Bayesianism to confirmation and decision theory, then gives a critical survey of arguments for and challenges to Bayesian epistemology.--.
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  5. Rationality’s Fixed Point.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2015 - Oxford Studies in Epistemology 5.
    This article defends the Fixed Point Thesis: that it is always a rational mistake to have false beliefs about the requirements of rationality. The Fixed Point Thesis is inspired by logical omniscience requirements in formal epistemology. It argues to the Fixed Point Thesis from the Akratic Principle: that rationality forbids having an attitude while believing that attitude is rationally forbidden. It then draws out surprising consequences of the Fixed Point Thesis, for instance that certain kinds of a priori justification are (...)
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  6. Not enough there there evidence, reasons, and language independence.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2010 - Philosophical Perspectives 24 (1):477-528.
    Begins by explaining then proving a generalized language dependence result similar to Goodman's "grue" problem. I then use this result to cast doubt on the existence of an objective evidential favoring relation (such as "the evidence confirms one hypothesis over another," "the evidence provides more reason to believe one hypothesis over the other," "the evidence justifies one hypothesis over the other," etc.). Once we understand what language dependence tells us about evidential favoring, our options are an implausibly strong conception of (...)
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  7. Ten Reasons to Care About the Sleeping Beauty Problem.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2013 - Philosophy Compass 8 (11):1003-1017.
    The Sleeping Beauty Problem attracts so much attention because it connects to a wide variety of unresolved issues in formal epistemology, decision theory, and the philosophy of science. The problem raises unanswered questions concerning relative frequencies, objective chances, the relation between self-locating and non-self-locating information, the relation between self-location and updating, Dutch Books, accuracy arguments, memory loss, indifference principles, the existence of multiple universes, and many-worlds interpretations of quantum mechanics. After stating the problem, this article surveys its connections to all (...)
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  8. The relevance of self-locating beliefs.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2008 - Philosophical Review 117 (4):555-606.
    Can self-locating beliefs be relevant to non-self-locating claims? Traditional Bayesian modeling techniques have trouble answering this question because their updating rule fails when applied to situations involving contextsensitivity. This essay develops a fully general framework for modeling stories involving context-sensitive claims. The key innovations are a revised conditionalization rule and a principle relating models of the same story with different modeling languages. The essay then applies the modeling framework to the Sleeping Beauty Problem, showing that when Beauty awakens her degree (...)
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  9.  40
    Is Fear of COVID-19 Contagious? The Effects of Emotion Contagion and Social Media Use on Anxiety in Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic.Michael G. Wheaton, Alena Prikhidko & Gabrielle R. Messner - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.
    The novel coronavirus disease has become a global pandemic, causing substantial anxiety. One potential factor in the spread of anxiety in response to a pandemic threat is emotion contagion, the finding that emotional experiences can be socially spread through conscious and unconscious pathways. Some individuals are more susceptible to social contagion effects and may be more likely to experience anxiety and other mental health symptoms in response to a pandemic threat. Therefore, we studied the relationship between emotion contagion and mental (...)
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  10. An Embarrassment for Double-Halfers.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2012 - Thought: A Journal of Philosophy 1 (2):146-151.
    “Double-halfers” think that throughout the Sleeping Beauty Problem, Beauty should keep her credence that a fair coin flip came up heads equal to 1/2. I introduce a new wrinkle to the problem that shows even double-halfers can't keep Beauty's credences equal to the objective chances for all coin-flip propositions. This leaves no way to deny that self-locating information generates an unexpected kind of inadmissible evidence.
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  11. When Rational Reasoners Reason Differently.Michael G. Titelbaum & Matthew Kopec - 2019
    Different people reason differently, which means that sometimes they reach different conclusions from the same evidence. We maintain that this is not only natural, but rational. In this essay we explore the epistemology of that state of affairs. First we will canvass arguments for and against the claim that rational methods of reasoning must always reach the same conclusions from the same evidence. Then we will consider whether the acknowledgment that people have divergent rational reasoning methods should undermine one’s confidence (...)
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  12. What would a Rawlsian ethos of justice look like?Michael G. Titelbaum - 2008 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 36 (3):289-322.
    A response to G.A. Cohen's argument that a prevailing "ethos" of justice would prevent a Rawlsian just society from having any income inequalities. I suggest that Cohen's argument fails because a Rawlsian ethos would involve correlates of both of Rawls' principles of justice.
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  13.  24
    Examining the Impact of School Esports Program Participation on Student Health and Psychological Development.Michael G. Trotter, Tristan J. Coulter, Paul A. Davis, Dylan R. Poulus & Remco Polman - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 12.
    This study examined the influence of 7 high school esports developmental programs on student self-regulation, growth mindset, positive youth development, perceived general health and physical activity, and sport behaviour. A total of 188 students originally participated, with 58 participants completing both pre- and post-program information. At baseline, no significant differences were found between youth e-athletes and their aged-matched controls. The analysis for the observation period showed a significant interaction effect for the PYD confidence scale, with post-hoc comparisons showing a significant (...)
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  14.  41
    Events in Early Nervous System Evolution.Michael G. Paulin & Joseph Cahill-Lane - 2021 - Topics in Cognitive Science 13 (1):25-44.
    Paulin and Cahill‐Lane explore the origins of event processing and event prediction in animal evolution. They propose that the evolutionary benefit of being able to predict and thus to quickly react to anticipated events may have triggered the evolution of the earliest nervous systems.
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  15. Self-Locating Credences.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2016 - In Alan Hájek & Christopher Hitchcock, The Oxford Handbook of Probability and Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    A plea: If you're going to propose a Bayesian framework for updating self-locating degrees of belief, please read this piece first. I've tried to survey all the extant formalisms, group them by their general approach, then describe challenges faced by every formalism employing a given approach. Hopefully this survey will prevent further instances of authors' re-inventing updating rules already proposed elsewhere in the literature.
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  16. The Principal Principle Does Not Imply the Principle of Indifference, Because Conditioning on Biconditionals Is Counterintuitive.Michael G. Titelbaum & Casey Hart - 2020 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 71 (2):621-632.
    Roger White argued for a principle of indifference. Hart and Titelbaum showed that White’s argument relied on an intuition about conditioning on biconditionals that, while widely shared, is incorrect. Hawthorne, Landes, Wallmann, and Williamson argue for a principle of indifference. Remarkably, their argument relies on the same faulty intuition. We explain their intuition, explain why it’s faulty, and show how it generates their principle of indifference. 1Introduction 2El Caminos and Indifference 2.1Overview 2.2Fins and antennas 2.3HLWW in the example 2.4The restrictiveness (...)
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  17. Reason without Reasons For.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2019 - Oxford Studies in Metaethics 14.
    Metaethicists have recently devoted a great deal of attention to questions about when a fact counts as a reason for or against a particular conclusion, and how such reasons interact. Chapter 9 asks a broader question: When a set of facts counts in favor of some conclusion, is that always because at least one of those facts is a reason for that conclusion? Examples are offered in which a set supports a conclusion without any fact in that set’s being a (...)
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  18.  99
    The Stability of Belief: How Rational Belief Coheres with Probability, by Hannes Leitgeb.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2021 - Mind 130 (519):1006-1017.
    The Stability of Belief: How Rational Belief Coheres with Probability, by LeitgebHannes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. Pp. xiv + 365.
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  19.  24
    The Bicameral Brain and Theological Ethics: An Initial Exploration.Michael G. Lawler & Todd A. Salzman - 2020 - Journal of Religious Ethics 48 (2):222-246.
    Pope John Paul II called for an intense dialogue between science and theology, “a common interactive relationship,” in which each discipline is “open to the discoveries and insights of the other” while retaining its own integrity. This essay seeks to be responsive to that call and is an initial exploration of relationships between contemporary neuroscience and Catholic theological ethics. It examines neuroscientific data on the bicameral brain and theological ethical data on marital ethics, including divorce and remarriage, and asks what (...)
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  20.  25
    Christian Bioethics, Brain Death, and Vital Organ Donation.Michael G. Muñoz - 2018 - Christian Bioethics 24 (1):79-94.
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  21. The Impact of Nanomedicine Development on North–South Equity and Equal Opportunities in Healthcare.Michael G. Tyshenko - 2009 - Studies in Ethics, Law, and Technology 3 (3).
    Nanomedicine applications are an extension of traditional pharmaceutical drug development that are targeting the most pressing health concerns through improvements to diagnostics, drug delivery systems, therapeutics, equipment, surgery and prosthetics. The benefits and risks to the individual have been extrapolated to include broader societal impacts of nanomedicine with concerns extending to inequitable distribution of benefits accruing to developed, or North countries, rather than developing, or South countries. Analysis reveals a great deal of overlap between the North and South's most serious (...)
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  22.  7
    A weak Messianic power: figures of a time to come in Benjamin, Derrida, and Celan.Michael G. Levine - 2014 - New York: Fordham University Press.
    The notion of a weak Messianic power serves as the focal point for this study of theological, materialist, poetic, and post-Freudian psychoanalytic approaches to time and the historical unconscious in the work of Benjamin, Celan and Derrida.
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  23.  9
    An Eye Directed Outward.Michael G. F. Martin - 1998 - In C. Macdonald, Barry C. Smith & C. J. G. Wright, Knowing Our Own Minds: Essays in Self-Knowledge. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press.
    The paper is a response to Peacocke's chapter. It begins by exploring and recasting his distinction between objects of attention and occupying attention. It goes on to consider cases of self‐ascription based on conscious episodes that are not authoritative, thereby suggesting that Peacocke's treatment needs a way to characterize the kinds of conscious thought, which can provide a rational basis for authoritative self‐ascription. One such kind of case is where knowledge of one's belief arises from one's apparent knowledge of how (...)
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  24. The transparency of experience.Michael G. F. Martin - 2002 - Mind and Language 17 (4):376-425.
    A common objection to sense-datum theories of perception is that they cannot give an adequate account of the fact that introspection indicates that our sensory experiences are directed on, or are about, the mind-independent entities in the world around us, that our sense experience is transparent to the world. In this paper I point out that the main force of this claim is to point out an explanatory challenge to sense-datum theories.
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  25.  72
    Hegel's Recollection: A Study of Images in the.Michael G. Vater - 1989 - Modern Schoolman 67 (1):73-75.
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  26. The limits of self-awareness.Michael G. F. Martin - 2004 - Philosophical Studies 120 (1-3):37-89.
    The disjunctive theory of perception claims that we should understand statements about how things appear to a perceiver to be equivalent to statements of a disjunction that either one is perceiving such and such or one is suffering an illusion (or hallucination); and that such statements are not to be viewed as introducing a report of a distinctive mental event or state common to these various disjoint situations. When Michael Hinton first introduced the idea, he suggested that the burden (...)
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  27. Theory and Comparison in the Discussion of Buddhist Ethics.Michael G. Barnhart - 2012 - Philosophy East and West 62 (1):16-43.
    Comparisons, and by that I mean the hunt for essential similarities or at least serious family resemblances, between the ethical views of Western and non-Western thinkers have been a staple of comparative philosophy for quite some time now. Some of these comparisons, such as between the views of Aristotle and Confucius, seem especially apt and revealing. However, I’ve often wondered whether Western “ethical theory”—virtue ethics, deontology, or consequentialism—is always the best lens through which to approach non-Western ethical thought. Particularly when (...)
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  28.  25
    Die Geheimnisse der oberen und der unteren Welt: Magie im Islam zwischen Glaube und Wissenschaft. Edited by Sebastian Günther and Dorothee Pielow.Michael G. Carter - 2022 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 141 (4).
    Die Geheimnisse der oberen und der unteren Welt: Magie im Islam zwischen Glaube und Wissenschaft. Edited by Sebastian Günther and Dorothee Pielow. Leiden: Brill, 2019. Pp. xlii + 644. $179, €149.
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  29.  19
    Ideology and the interpretation of the bible in the african‐american Christian tradition1.Michael G. Cartwright - 1993 - Modern Theology 9 (2):141-158.
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  30.  21
    Global education and the liberal project.Michael G. Festl - 2020 - Ethics and Global Politics 13 (3):129-138.
    This article engages with Julian Culp’s Democratic Education in a Globalized World from the perspective of political philosophy in a global world. The focus is on liberalism. From this angle, Culp’s book entails three important claims. The first is that a right to basic education on the global level exists, i.e. a right to education for everybody independent of one’s nation state. The second claim is that the implementation of this right is not a task for each nation state alone (...)
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  31.  18
    Readers detect an low-level phonological violation between two parafoveal words.Michael G. Cutter, Andrea E. Martin & Patrick Sturt - 2020 - Cognition 204 (C):104395.
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  32.  7
    Know What You Believe in and What You’re Up Against.Michael G. Gunzenhauser - 2019 - Philosophy of Education 75:27-33.
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  33.  8
    Skepticism, relativism, and religious knowledge: a Kierkegaardian perspective informed by Wittgenstein's philosophy.Michael G. Harvey - 2013 - Eugene, Oregon: Pickwick Publications. Edited by Stanley Hauerwas.
    Skepticism, Relativism, and Religious Knowledge shows where responses to skepticism and relativism by Karl Barth and Reformed epistemology have led to impasses, and reconstructs their insights in a more robust response that does not depend on making excessive claims about our epistemic capacities. This response is based on a more nuanced conception of the relationship between trust, doubt, faith, and reason, and a Kierkegaardian perspective on religious knowledge that stresses the role of the will and the intellectual and theological virtues.
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  34. Inner leadership: A social cognitive-based approach toward enhanced ethical decision making.Michael G. Goldsby, Christopher P. Neck & Virginia W. Gerde - 1998 - Teaching Business Ethics 2 (3):229-247.
     
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  35.  66
    Hymns to the Night: On H. S. Harris's “The Cows in the Dark Night”.Michael G. Vater - 1987 - Dialogue 26 (4):645-.
    As one of the bare handful of scholars working on Schelling, I should heartily like to accept Professor Harris's argument, for all these black cows hang around one's neck more heavily than did the albatross on the ancient mariner's. I find myself obliged, however, to closely test his argument. I regret that, viewed in the context of the whole of the Phenomenology's Preface, Harris's argument is not fully convincing. I shall argue that, since the Preface's plain intent is to contrast (...)
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  36.  57
    Books in review.Michael G. Vater, John Hick & Massimo Rubboli - 1980 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 11 (4):249-254.
  37.  10
    Cultivating Second Nature: An Emerging Philosophy of Education.Michael G. Gunzenhauser - 2014 - Philosophy of Education 70:115-118.
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  38.  23
    A History of Islamic Societies.Michael G. Morony & Ira M. Lapidus - 1990 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 110 (2):365.
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  39.  4
    Ethnographies of Youth and Temporality: Time Objectified.Michael G. Flaherty - 2014 - Temple University Press.
    Provides a diverse collection of ethnographic studies and theoretical explorations of youth experiencing time in a variety of contemporary socio-cultural settings.
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  40.  21
    The Fortress of Faith: The Attitude towards Muslims in Fifteenth Century Spain.Michael G. Morony & Ana Echevarria - 2001 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 121 (1):110.
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  41.  46
    Teacher and learner: Supervised and unsupervised learning in communities.Michael G. Shafto & Colleen M. Seifert - 2015 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 38.
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  42.  96
    One’s own reasoning.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2017 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 60 (3):208-232.
    Responding to Cappelen and Dever’s claim that there is no distinctive role for perspectivality in epistemology, I argue that facts about the outcomes of one’s own reasoning processes may have a different evidential significance than facts about the outcomes of others’.
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  43.  11
    A society of ideas on cognition.Michael G. Dyer - 1991 - Artificial Intelligence 48 (3):321-334.
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  44. Quantum physics and consciousness, creativity, computers: A commentary on Goswami's quantum-based theory of consciousness and free will.Michael G. Dyer - 1994 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 15 (3):265-90.
    Goswami proposes to replace the current scientific paradigm of physical realism with that of a quantum-based monistic idealism and, in the process, accomplish the following goals: establish a basis for explaining consciousness, reintegrate spirituality, mysticism, morality, a sense that the universe is meaningful, etc., with scientific discoveries and the scientific enterprise, and support the assumption that humans possess free will - i.e., that they are not controlled by the apparently inexorable causality of the physical laws that govern the functioning of (...)
     
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  45.  35
    Will the neural blackboard architecture scale up to semantics?Michael G. Dyer - 2006 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29 (1):77-78.
    The neural blackboard architecture is a localist structured connectionist model that employs a novel connection matrix to implement dynamic bindings without requiring propagation of temporal synchrony. Here I note the apparent need for many distinct matrices and the effect this might have for scale-up to semantic processing. I also comment on the authors' initial foray into the symbol grounding problem.
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  46. The Moral Manager: Communicative Ethics and the Exxon Valdez Disaster.Michael G. Bowen & F. Clark Power - 1993 - Business Ethics Quarterly 3 (2):97-116.
    For many, the case of theExxon Valdezoil spill has become a symbol of unethical corporate behavior. Had Exxon’s managers not callously pursued their own interests at the expense of the environment and other parties, the accident would not have happened. In this paper, we (1) present a short case study of theValdezincident; (2) argue that many analyses of the case either ignore or fail to give sufficient weight to the uncertainties managers often face when they make decisions; and (3) propose (...)
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  47.  91
    Symmetry and evidential support.Michael G. Titelbaum - 2011 - Symmetry 3 (3):680--698.
  48.  30
    Perfecting Human Futures: Transhuman Visions and Technological Imaginations.Michael G. Sherbert - 2016 - NanoEthics 10 (2):161-165.
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  49.  19
    The Lives of the Peripatetics: An Analysis of the Contents and Structure of Diogenes Laertius’ ‘Vitae philosophorum’ Book 5.Michael G. Sollenberger - 1987 - In Wolfgang Haase, Philosophie, Wissenschaften, Technik. Philosophie. De Gruyter. pp. 3793-3879.
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  50.  28
    The evolution of RNA viruses.Michael G. Rossmann - 1987 - Bioessays 7 (3):99-103.
    The structures of spherical RNA plant tiruses, containing 180 copies of one protein subunit, are closely related to those of the animal RNA picornaviruses, which are built of 60 copies of each of three larger capsid proteins. Other spherical RNA and DNA viruses utilize the same structural motif as building units of the viral capsid. It is therefore probable that many of the simple RNA viruses, whether found in animals or plants, have had a common genetic origin. The original gene (...)
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